GIT 2

Computer Architecture

úúO ixrplj,ska bgq lrk ld¾hhka i,ld my; i|yka rEmfhys we;s whqre mß.Klhla

;d¾lsl ixrplj, tl;=jla f,i ksrEmKh l< yelsh' kQ;k mß.Kl moaO;shl m%Odk

oDvdx. ixrpl jkqfha uOHu ieliqï tallh (CPU)" m%Odk u;lh" oaú;shsl wdphkh yd wodk"

m%;sodk Wml%u fõ'

 

mß.Kl fldgq rEmh 

my; i|yka fldgiaj,ska iukaú; fõ'

• md,k tallh

• wxl .Ks;uh yd ;d¾lsl tallh (ALU)

• m%Odk u;lh

• iydhl$oaú;shsl wdphkh

• wdodkh yd m%;sodkh

uOHu ieliqqï talallh (CPU-Central Proccessing Unit)

uOHu ieliqï tallh" .Kkh lsÍïj,ska nyq;rhla bgq lrhs' mß.Klfha fufyhqu md,kh

lrhs' WmfoaY l%shd;aul l< yels fõ.h wkqj uOHu ieliqï tallj, YS>%;dj i|yka fõ'

uOHu ieliqï tallhl fõ.h fu.dy¾Üia (MHz) j,ska ukskq ,efí' th fydard fõ.h f,i

ye¢kafõ' wo" úúO ksIamdolhka úiska uOHu ieliqï tall idokq ,efí' ,nd.; yels ckm%sh

tajd kï bkafg,a ^1'2'2 rEmh&" AMD, ihsßlaia yd fudfgdfrda,d" CPU fldgia follska iukaú;

fõ' md,k tallh (CU) iy wxl .Ks; yd ;d¾lsl tallh (ALU).

md,k taallh (CU-Contraling Unit)

md,k tallh" iuia; mß.Kl moaO;sh md,kh lr fufyhqu ksfhda. lrhs'

kshu jYfhka o;a; ieliqï fkdl, o fydard iamkao ckkh lsÍfuka mß.Klfha

wfkla ixrpl i|yd m%Odk iakdhq moaO;sh f,i l%shd lrhs'

wxl .Kss; yd ;d¾lsl taallh (ALU-Arithmatic and Logical Unit)

wxl .Ks;" ;d¾lsl tallh o;a; iïnkaO j tl;= lsÍu" wvq lsÍu" .=K lsÍu yd fn§u nÿ .Ks; l¾u bgq lrhs' o;a; ixikaokh we;=<;a AND, OR n÷ ;d¾lsl fufyhqï o th bgq lrhs'

m%%Odk u;lh ^iiïNdù m%fõY u;lh RAM)

 

uOHu ieliqï tallhg Rcq j m%fõY úh yels tl u úYd, wdphk m%foaYh m%Odk u;lh fõ' wo" mß.Klhl u;lh ukskq ,nkafka fu.dnhsÜj,sks' uOH ieliqï tallh úiska Ndú; lsÍu i|yd l%uf,aL yd o;a; m%Odk u;lfha ;sìh hq;=h' m%Odk u;lh fyj;a RAM, CPU g jydu wjYH o;a; yd WmfoaY ;djld,sl j r|jd isák mß.Klfha fláld,Sk u;lh fõ' o;a; yd WmfoaY RAM ys ´kEu ;ekl wdphkh lr iuqoaOrKh l< yelsh' RAM ys wdphkh lr we;s ia:dk ljrla jqj o tn÷ fufyhqï i|yd .;jk ld,h o< jYfhka iudk fõ' RAM kIH fõ' bka woyia lrkqfha mß.Klfha n, iemhqu úikaê jQ úg o;a; ke;s jk nj h' RAM imhkq

,nkafka fudähq,j,sks' ^1'2'3 rEmh& tajd mß.Klh ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd úfYaI flfjks j,ska

uõ mqjrejg iïnkaO l< yels l=vd mßm: mqjre h'

iydhl wdphkh

f;dr;=re úYd, mßudjla jvd iaÓr j wdphkh i|yd oaú;shsl fyj;a iydhl wdphk Wml%u

fhdod .kq ,efí' oaú;shsl wdphk Wml%u j¾. fndfyduhls' oDv äialh oaú;shsl wdphkh

i|yd jQ tla ckm%sh Wml%uhls'

oDv äial

 

oDv äial Odjlh" miq j iuqoaOrKh i|yd o;a; wdphkh lrkq ,nk mß.Klh ;=< ia:dk.;

lr we;s Wml%uhls' mß.Klhl hg;a msßfihska tla oDv äialhla ;sfí' oDv äial" wdphkfha

jvd;a úYajdiodhS l%uh f,i i,lkq ,efí' o;a; OdrKh lsÍu i|yd oDv äial pqïNl udOHhla fhdod .kS' oDv äial wdphk Odß;d wo ukskq ,nkafka .s.dnhsgj,sks' oDv Odjlhl

fõ.h ukskqfha idudkH m%fõY ld,h" oDv äialh o;a; fidhd .kq ,nk fõ.h wkqj h'

idudkH m%fõY ld,h uekSu ñ,s ;;amr ^;;amrhlska 1$100 la& j,sks' wfkla oaú;shsl wdphl

Wml%u jkqfha kuH äialh" iefk,s má" CD/DVD wdÈh hs'

wdodk ld¾hh

fï o;a; yd WmfoaY mß.Kl moaO;shg we;+<;a lrk l%shdj,sh hs' mß.Klh wdodkhla f,i

wuq o;a; f.k hï ieliqula l%shd;aul lr mß.Klhg iemhQ WmfoaY mokï lr ieliQ o;a;

msg;g imh hs' mß.Klhlg o;a; yd WmfoaY wdodkhg Ndú; lrk Wml%u wdodk Wml%u

f,i ye¢ka fõ' jvd;a fmdÿ wdodk Wml%u f,i h;=re mqjrej yd uQislh Ndú; flf¾'

m%;sodk ld¾hh

 

fï m%fhdackj;a f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu i|yd o;a;j,ska m%;sM, ksmojk l%shdj,sh hs' ieliqfuka

miq mß.Klfhka ksmojkq ,enQ o;a; ukdj lshúh yels wdldrhg msg;g §ug fmr mß.Klh

;=< ;nd .; hq;=h' ;j ÿrg;a ieliSu i|yd m%;sodkh o mß.Klh ;=< wdphkh lrkq ,efí'

f;dr;=re m%;sodk Wml%u f,i ye¢kafõ' jvd;a fmdÿ m%;sodk Wml%u f,i ixo¾Yl fudksgrh

yd uqølh fhdod .kq ,efí'